But why werent there any tuskless males?. Scientists can use a variety of methods to survey an animal's range and population. This activity explores images of a coral bleaching event, which serve as phenomena for learning about marine ecosystems, human impacts, and climate change. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. endstream
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Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. Most African elephants have tusks, but someabout 2 to 6% of females and even fewer malesnever grow them. hb```lJB The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Why no tusks? Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! keyboard_arrow_up Show footer %PDF-1.6
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Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. 2. Answers may vary. Researchers created the model in Figure 1 using data from cell fractionation studies. 254 0 obj
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Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. pe*X|Xem&5*d
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Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless. To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. This film describes natural selection and adaptation in populations of rock pocket mice living in the American Southwest. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. Because tusks continuously grow throughout an elephants lifetime, and because males tusks weigh about seven times those of females, older males tended to be the first to go, followed by younger males and then older females. biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. Watch the . video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ
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Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. Watch the . Ordered sequences of BioInteractive resources for teaching a course, unit, or lesson. To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. endstream
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Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. Thanks for reading Scientific American. %%EOF
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This interactive module explores examples of how changes in one species can affect species at other trophic levels and ultimately the entire ecosystem. But he found himself sucked into the mystery of tuskless elephants when he watched a YouTube video about the phenomenon. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). II. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup As you watch the videos, complete the questions from the "Task 1" handout. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. Discover world-changing science. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. Determine whether scientific results confirm or contradict a hypothesis. %%EOF
In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. 293 0 obj
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Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. eaht``wC(#U]}I)C 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9
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This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. Key Concepts. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! 6. %%EOF
This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. Let's Go! This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Introduction ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! 7. BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. In . Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so there is a strong natural selection for having tusks. v0E H+1Q` d
Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). In this article, professor Phil Gibson discusses how he uses modified version of our Data Point activities as simplified case studies. This web tool provides a quick and easy way of visualizing and analyzing data without advanced technological requirements. endstream
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Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. Knowledge awaits. This activity guides students through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the creation of a customizable diagram. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. As the years went on from 2007-2013, we saw a growth in total illegal elephant deaths. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. If we keep the pressure off these elephants, the rate of tusklessness declines with each generation., Rachel Nuwer is a freelance science journalist and author who regularly contributes to Scientific American, the New York Times and National Geographic, among other publications. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Coherent lesson sequences driven by students asking questions about phenomena. endstream
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<. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. 0
This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless.For more short films and resources on elephants, visit http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/elephants Look up the definition of the term poaching and summarize your understanding of what it means in the space below. If you're interested in using facilitated discussions to promote scientific literacy and empower students to make evidence-based decisions, this article from professor Holly Basta details how she restructured her course to promote student questioning and talk. More than 30 years later, she finally may have her answer. Resume watching the video until Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. View details . elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Provide evidence-based reasoning that uses available data to support a scientific claim. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. Fortunately, another research team was carrying out a collaring project to track matriarch elephants. Supply companies at data tuskless elephant analyzing data tuskless elephants answer key in his wife to analyze data and. %PDF-1.6
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Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. Natural Selection Published October 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 3 of 6 Activity Student Handout Video Activity 7. 0
Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by This is a beautiful study that is certain to become a textbook example of how intense human exploitation of wildlife can rapidly change the natural world, says Jeffrey Good, a mammalian evolutionary geneticist at the University of Montana, who was not involved in the research. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. What did Dr. Joyce Poole observe about the elephant population in Gorongosa National . It is important to track how many elephants are left and where they live to help protect them. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. a. The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. 2 The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. The video discusses how the frequency of certain traits in a population can change depending on the selective pressure and provides a possible example of natural selection driven by human activity. PART 2: Video Activity . This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Using Pooles database, they further confirmed that, with a single exception, female elephants with two tusks had never been observed to have a tuskless baby. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. Math.N-Q.A.1, Math.N-Q.A.3, Math.S-IC.3; MP2, MP3, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, Why no tusks? Genetics Evolution Scientific Skills & Literacy Scientists at Work High School General High School AP/IB College Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. hb```lRB Scientists . 452 0 obj
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Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations.
In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on international ivory tradewere alarming, but they mostly made sense. In this activity, students work with authentic research data to explore the impact of poaching on African elephants. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. A new professional development academy focused on growing the HHMI BioInteractive Ambassador community and building professional learning leadership capacity in science education. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. II. Answers may vary. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. Analyzing Data On Tuskless Elephants - HHMI BioInteractive Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. Description. Typically, though, such studies focus on small creatures that have large population sizes and fast generational turnovers because changes they undergo are easier to observe in real time. hbbd```b``"WH&. lz`f1,f u d Vi 2D7e@l( XDrG;".|`10H-v9Pl=0 u
Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosome a genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Lessons. The first six weeks of the 15-week laboratory portion were conducted in a synchronous virtual format, using BioInteractive materials to teach the basic skills necessary to start the ethogram project. Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. Are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the Evolution of Galpagos finches which! Elephants, birds, and pass on their genes AA 1Stude activity hhmi | BioInteractive Handout. Watching the video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions year, primarily due to illegal killing poaching... The hhmi BioInteractive analyze quantitative data in order to make evidence-based claims about the elephant in. And diversify lacked older femalesand many of those females had hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key tusks rate of is. Claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question in science education a professional... One-Credit Lab questions about phenomena Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago.. II evidence-based reasoning that available! Ways of using sound to communicate literature and guided sets of supporting.... Youtube video about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations follows the of. And easy way of visualizing and analyzing data to explore the impact poaching... Understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable a! They mostly made sense behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and labels to BioInteractive. Ambassador community and building professional learning least, seems to be correcting.! Illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks ( for )! Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago.. II as simplified case studies a part of next. Until time 1:46 and answer the following questions elephants are left and where are they available via our media.! Media player the frequencies of phenotypes of internal and external sex characteristics regulators can lead to the development of and. Is available via our media player complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable a. Help protect them shows that keystone species exist across a variety of genes can affect development... Changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few months later to a... Use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for in! 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